chapter_11_section_1_notes.ppt | |
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World War I (1914 - 1919)
MANIA
4 Causes of WWI + the event that starts it all
Miliarism - the belief of a nation or its people to build and maintain a strong military, with the intention to use it
whenever it is felt necessary.
Germany began building up its military in the early 1900's as a reaction to losing land in earlier wars against France.
France believed it was necessary to build a large military to protect themselves against the Germans.
The Germans were also threatening the British by building a large Navy, making the British feel insecure
about their place as the world’s top navy. Thus, the British would have to respond to this growing threat as well, by
building a larger navy.
Though these were not the only countries building and perfecting their arsenal, they were the most significant prior to
the outbreak of WWI. It does not take long for these countries to find a reason to use their militaries against each other
in an attempt to prove who is superior.
Alliance System - An agreement between two or more countries to work together for the benefit of each country.
The two major alliances that developed prior to WWI were the Triple Entente (Allies) and the Triple Alliance
(Central Powers). The Triple Entente consisted of Great Britain, France and Russia. This alliance was created in an
effort to counter the Triple Alliance, which consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
Nationalism - Extreme pride in one’s country by the general population. Often seen by the use of flags, national
anthems, and other items.
Joining the military was seen as the duty of every able bodied young male in most European countries before the start
of World War I. People were genuinely prepared to die for the love of their country.
whenever it is felt necessary.
Germany began building up its military in the early 1900's as a reaction to losing land in earlier wars against France.
France believed it was necessary to build a large military to protect themselves against the Germans.
The Germans were also threatening the British by building a large Navy, making the British feel insecure
about their place as the world’s top navy. Thus, the British would have to respond to this growing threat as well, by
building a larger navy.
Though these were not the only countries building and perfecting their arsenal, they were the most significant prior to
the outbreak of WWI. It does not take long for these countries to find a reason to use their militaries against each other
in an attempt to prove who is superior.
Alliance System - An agreement between two or more countries to work together for the benefit of each country.
The two major alliances that developed prior to WWI were the Triple Entente (Allies) and the Triple Alliance
(Central Powers). The Triple Entente consisted of Great Britain, France and Russia. This alliance was created in an
effort to counter the Triple Alliance, which consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
Nationalism - Extreme pride in one’s country by the general population. Often seen by the use of flags, national
anthems, and other items.
Joining the military was seen as the duty of every able bodied young male in most European countries before the start
of World War I. People were genuinely prepared to die for the love of their country.
Imperialism - Domination by one country over another country with respect to their political, economic, or cultural life.
Many nations from around the globe were competing for control of colonies in order to gain land, resources, and
influence. Specifically, Germany was attempting to control lands in Africa, a place that Britain and France were already
well established (see map above). Britain and France quickly found that by keeping Germany out of Africa, the
Germans would have a difficult time being able to build themselves into a threatening power. Germany resented this
big time.
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Many nations from around the globe were competing for control of colonies in order to gain land, resources, and
influence. Specifically, Germany was attempting to control lands in Africa, a place that Britain and France were already
well established (see map above). Britain and France quickly found that by keeping Germany out of Africa, the
Germans would have a difficult time being able to build themselves into a threatening power. Germany resented this
big time.
\
Assassination - The deliberate murder of a high-ranking government official.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia on June 28, 1914 by Gavrilo Princip. Gavrilo Princip
was a member of the “Black Hand”, a Serbian nationalist group. Archduke Ferdinand was next in line for the Austrian
throne. Upon hearing of the assassination, the government of Austria-Hungary sent the Serbians a harsh ultimatum in
order to avoid war. The Serbians refused to meet all the demands, causingAustria and Serbia would go to war. On July
28, 1914 Austria declared war. The Russians quickly declared war on Germany after the Germans agreed to help
Austria with all of the supplies and soldiers that they needed. The tangle of alliances unfolded and within a week, many
countries engaged in a fight they otherwise would have avoided were at war with each other.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia on June 28, 1914 by Gavrilo Princip. Gavrilo Princip
was a member of the “Black Hand”, a Serbian nationalist group. Archduke Ferdinand was next in line for the Austrian
throne. Upon hearing of the assassination, the government of Austria-Hungary sent the Serbians a harsh ultimatum in
order to avoid war. The Serbians refused to meet all the demands, causingAustria and Serbia would go to war. On July
28, 1914 Austria declared war. The Russians quickly declared war on Germany after the Germans agreed to help
Austria with all of the supplies and soldiers that they needed. The tangle of alliances unfolded and within a week, many
countries engaged in a fight they otherwise would have avoided were at war with each other.
Video describing all the elements of MANIA
This clip is roughly 5 minutes long. It is the 1st segment for the video I will show in class that has questions to go with it.
Video describing trench warfare, new weapons, and the overall conditions WWI was fought in
This video is about 5 minutes long and incorporates material from Sections 1 and 2. It is the 2nd segment for the video I will show in class that has questions to go with it.
The. U.S. Stays Neutral
* Why get involved in a military conflict across the ocean that doesn't threaten us?
* Many people in the U.S. were originally from all of the countries involved with the war.
* U.S. Businesses wanted to sell stuff (and profit from) all parties involved with the war.
* Many people in the U.S. were originally from all of the countries involved with the war.
* U.S. Businesses wanted to sell stuff (and profit from) all parties involved with the war.
What causes the U.S. to get involved on the side of the Allies (Triple Entente)?
* Germany begins sinking U.S. cargo and passenger ships that were headed for ports of the Allies. The first (the
Lusitania) occurred in 1915 while another example (the Sussex) occurs in 1916. The U.S. warns (the Sussex
Pledge) the Central Powers that they would be forced to get their military involved if their unarmed ships kept getting
attacked. Germany continues to sink U.S. ships, daring the U.S. to get involved. By this time, all business from the
U.S. is cut off with the Central Powers.
* The media coverage of the war in the U.S. was heavily slanted in favor of the Allies and against the Central Powers
(especially Germany). Most of the media was run by people who had English or French ethnic backgrounds.
* The Zimmerman Note, which was a request from the German government for Mexico to declare war on the United
States in order to keep the U.S. occupied and out of the conflict in Europe. Once the conflict with the English, French,
and Russians was over, the Germans promised the Mexicans that they would pressure the U.S. to give the them
back all the territory they lost in the Mexican-American War (Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas). Mexico
declined to help out the Germans, but when the U.S. government found out (February 1917) and the information was
leaked to the public (April 1917), war was inevitable.
* Instability in Russia (beginning in March 1917) that eventually led to the Communist Revolution and Russia
getting out of the war (December 1917) made it much easier for U.S. government officials to get involved. We didn't
want to fight with Russia (due to a history of disagreements), so when it becomes apparent that they're going to get
out of the war, it makes it easier (and essential to the Allies being victorious) for the U.S. to get involved.
Lusitania) occurred in 1915 while another example (the Sussex) occurs in 1916. The U.S. warns (the Sussex
Pledge) the Central Powers that they would be forced to get their military involved if their unarmed ships kept getting
attacked. Germany continues to sink U.S. ships, daring the U.S. to get involved. By this time, all business from the
U.S. is cut off with the Central Powers.
* The media coverage of the war in the U.S. was heavily slanted in favor of the Allies and against the Central Powers
(especially Germany). Most of the media was run by people who had English or French ethnic backgrounds.
* The Zimmerman Note, which was a request from the German government for Mexico to declare war on the United
States in order to keep the U.S. occupied and out of the conflict in Europe. Once the conflict with the English, French,
and Russians was over, the Germans promised the Mexicans that they would pressure the U.S. to give the them
back all the territory they lost in the Mexican-American War (Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas). Mexico
declined to help out the Germans, but when the U.S. government found out (February 1917) and the information was
leaked to the public (April 1917), war was inevitable.
* Instability in Russia (beginning in March 1917) that eventually led to the Communist Revolution and Russia
getting out of the war (December 1917) made it much easier for U.S. government officials to get involved. We didn't
want to fight with Russia (due to a history of disagreements), so when it becomes apparent that they're going to get
out of the war, it makes it easier (and essential to the Allies being victorious) for the U.S. to get involved.
Video explaining neutrality at 1st and what led to U.S. declaring war
The 1st 2 minutes and 50 seconds deal with Section 1 content. The remaining minute and a half deals with material from Section 2. (draft stuff plus women's roles). It is the 3rd segment for the video I will show in class that has questions to go with it.
Life in a trench during WWI
This 3 minute and 15 second video does a good job describing the conditions that troops on the front lines had to endure during WWI. The weather, the boredom, the constant threat of dying from combat or disease... absolutely horrible stuff
German U - Boats impact on the war (and still being discovered)
The 1st 4 and a half minutes of this is worth showing. It covers U Boats and their impact on the war
What leads to U.S. military involvement in the war?
This 3 and a half minute video does a good job explaining the end of Section 1. It discusses Germany's decision to start sinking all U.S. ships, the Zimmermann Note, and Russia leaving the war as the U.S. enters.